260-2015-09-01-anatomy-I

Rick Gilmore

2015-09-03 13:42:28

Today’s Topics

Gross neuroanatomy

Brain anatomy through dance

Finding our way around

Anterior/Posterior

Medial/Lateral

Superior/Inferior

Dorsal/Ventral

Rostral/Caudal

Directional image

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Blausen_0019_AnatomicalDirectionalReferences.png/800px-Blausen_0019_AnatomicalDirectionalReferences.png

Bipeds vs. quadripeds

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/1303_Human_Neuroaxis.jpg/800px-1303_Human_Neuroaxis.jpg

No matter how you slice it

Horizontal/Axial

Coronal/Transverse/Frontal

Sagittal (from the side)

Slice diagram

http://www.scienceteacherprogram.org/biology/chillemistudentguide1-06/brain_directions_planes_sections__directions_-_small.gif

Supporting structures

Meninges

Ventricular system

Blood supply

Meninges

Dura mater

Arachnoid membrane

Subarachnoid space

Pia mater

Meninges

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Meninges-en.svg/1280px-Meninges-en.svg.png

Ventricular system

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Blausen_0896_Ventricles_Brain.png

Ventricles

Lateral (1st & 2nd)

3rd

Cerebral aqueduct

4th

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Blood Supply

http://surgery.med.miami.edu/images/Circulation_of_brain.gif

Blood Supply

Arteries

Blood/brain barrier

Blood/brain barrier

http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v7/n1/images/nrn1824-f3.jpg

Area Postrema

http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v9/n10/images/nrendo.2013.136-f2.jpg

Organization of the Nervous System

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Organization of the brain

Major division Ventricular Landmark Embryonic Division Structure
Forebrain Lateral Telencephalon Cerebral cortex
Basal ganglia
Hippocampus, amygdala
Third Diencephalon Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Midbrain Cerebral Aqueduct Mesencephalon Tectum, tegmentum

Organization of the brain

Major division Ventricular Landmark Embryonic Division Structure
Hindbrain 4th Metencephalon Cerebellum, pons
– Mylencephalon Medulla oblongata

Hindbrain

Structures adjacent to 4th ventricle

Medulla oblongata

http://www.pennmedicine.org/health_info/body_guide/reftext/images/Pons_corpus.jpg

Medulla

Cerebellum

Hindbrain

http://www.pennmedicine.org/health_info/body_guide/reftext/images/Pons_corpus.jpg

Pons

Hindbrain

http://www.pennmedicine.org/health_info/body_guide/reftext/images/Pons_corpus.jpg

Midbrain

http://antranik.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/the-brain-stem-mid-brain-left-lateral-view-superior-colliculus-inferior-cerebellar-peduncle.jpg

Midbrain components

Tectum

Tegmentum

Tectum

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Gray719.png

Tectum

Tegmentum

Forebrain

http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/252/flashcards/1048252/png/forebrain1328987872235.png

Forebrain Components

Diencephalon

Telencephalon

Diencephalon

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/1310_Diencephalon.jpg

Diencephalon Components

Thalamus

http://neurobiologychapter3.weebly.com/uploads/1/4/1/8/1418733/5118342.jpg?401x231

Thalamus functions

Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

http://higheredbcs.wiley.com/legacy/college/tortora/0470565101/hearthis_ill/pap13e_ch14_illustr_audio_mp3_am/simulations/figures/hypothalamus.jpg

Telencephalon

Basal ganglia

Basal ganglia

http://www.structural-communication.com/Articles/images/L-basal-ganglia.jpg

Basal ganglia

Hippocampus

Hippocampus

http://homepage.smc.edu/wissmann_paul/physnet/anatomynet/anatomy/amy.jpg

Amygdala (“almond”)

Amygdala

http://homepage.smc.edu/wissmann_paul/physnet/anatomynet/anatomy/amy.jpg

Next Time

Cerebral Cortex

Spinal Cord

The Peripheral Nervous System

References

LeDoux, Joseph. 2015. “The Amygdala Is NOT the Brain’s Fear Center.” Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/i-got-mind-tell-you/201508/the-amygdala-is-not-the-brains-fear-center.

Xie, Lulu, Hongyi Kang, Qiwu Xu, Michael J Chen, Yonghong Liao, Meenakshisundaram Thiyagarajan, John O’Donnell, et al. 2013. “Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain.” Science 342 (6156). American Association for the Advancement of Science: 373–77. doi:10.1126/science.1241224.